BAKGRUNN (fra kommisjonsbeslutningen)

(1) In accordance with Article 30c(1) of Directive 2003/87/EC, the Commission is to publish, by 1 January 2025, the Union-wide quantity of allowances issued under Chapter IVa of that Directive for the year 2027.

(2) Pursuant to Article 30c(1) of Directive 2003/87/EC, the Union-wide quantity of allowances is to be determined by reference to the value of the 2024 emission limits, calculated on the basis of the reference emissions under Article 4(2) of Regulation (EU) 2018/842 of the European Parliament and of the Council (2) for the sectors covered by Chapter IVa of Directive 2003/87/EC, and by applying the linear reduction trajectory for all emissions within the scope of that Regulation.

(3) The emission limits for 2024 according to Article 4(2) of Regulation (EU) 2018/842 are defined by a linear trajectory from 2022 to 2030, starting at the 2022 emission limits, which in turn are defined under that Regulation by a linear trajectory that is based on the average of each Member States’ greenhouse gas emissions in 2016, 2017 and 2018.

(4) Pursuant to Article 4(3), second subparagraph of Regulation (EU) 2018/842, the annual emission allocations in accordance with the 2022 emission limits are determined on the basis of the comprehensively reviewed national greenhouse gas inventory data for the years 2016, 2017 and 2018, submitted by Member States pursuant to Article 7 of Regulation (EU) No 525/2013 (3).

(5) The reference emissions for sectors covered by Chapter IVa of Directive 2003/87/EC were established on the basis of the arithmetic average of the comprehensively reviewed national greenhouse gas inventory data for the years 2016, 2017 and 2018.

(6) The reference emissions for sectors covered by Chapter IVa of Directive 2003/87/EC include the EEA EFTA States, in accordance with the Decision of the EEA Joint Committee No 335/2023 (4).

(7) The carbon dioxide emissions from activities explicitly excluded under Annex III to Directive 2003/87/EC were deducted from the comprehensively reviewed carbon dioxide emission values of the national inventories. Furthermore, Annex III to Directive 2003/87/EC provides for modifications to source categories 1A1 and 1A3b, as defined in the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (5). These modifications were taken into account to calculate the value of the reference emissions for sectors covered by Chapter IVa of Directive 2003/87/EC.

(8) The 2024 emission limits for the sectors covered by Chapter IVa of Directive 2003/87/EC were calculated by applying to the reference emissions a linear reduction trajectory based on all emissions within the scope of Regulation (EU) 2018/842, starting at their average in 2016, 2017 and 2018 and ending at the 2024 emission limits under that Regulation, on the basis of the 2024 emission allocations published in Annex II of the Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2023/1319 (6). On this basis, the 2024 emission limits referred to in Article 30c(1) of Directive 2003/87/EC should amount to 1 223 481 445 tonnes of carbon dioxide.

(9) Pursuant to Article 30c(1) of Directive 2003/87/EC, the Union-wide quantity of allowances issued for 2027 under Chapter IVa of Directive 2003/87/EC is to decrease each year after 2024 by a linear reduction factor of 5,10 %. On this basis, the Union-wide quantity of allowances for 2027 referred to in Article 30c(1) of Directive 2003/87/EC should amount to 1 036 288 784,